@font-face{font-family:Newsreader Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:200 800;src:url(/_astro/newsreader-vietnamese-wght-normal.Czsa-EzN.woff2) format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+0102-0103,U+0110-0111,U+0128-0129,U+0168-0169,U+01A0-01A1,U+01AF-01B0,U+0300-0301,U+0303-0304,U+0308-0309,U+0323,U+0329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:Newsreader Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:200 800;src:url(/_astro/newsreader-latin-ext-wght-normal.C-3rgBeH.woff2) format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+0100-02BA,U+02BD-02C5,U+02C7-02CC,U+02CE-02D7,U+02DD-02FF,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:Newsreader Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:200 800;src:url(/_astro/newsreader-latin-wght-normal.CCVVNp6i.woff2) format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:Public Sans Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:100 900;src:url(/_astro/public-sans-vietnamese-wght-normal.CtlIRbEm.woff2) format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+0102-0103,U+0110-0111,U+0128-0129,U+0168-0169,U+01A0-01A1,U+01AF-01B0,U+0300-0301,U+0303-0304,U+0308-0309,U+0323,U+0329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:Public Sans Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:100 900;src:url(/_astro/public-sans-latin-ext-wght-normal.MQgHevqp.woff2) format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+0100-02BA,U+02BD-02C5,U+02C7-02CC,U+02CE-02D7,U+02DD-02FF,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:Public Sans Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:100 900;src:url(/_astro/public-sans-latin-wght-normal.DdeTHZLK.woff2) format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-ext-400-normal.xuaO2J-f.woff2) format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-ext-400-normal.DMdlQ8Kv.woff) format("woff");unicode-range:U+0460-052F,U+1C80-1C8A,U+20B4,U+2DE0-2DFF,U+A640-A69F,U+FE2E-FE2F}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-400-normal.BSMlKf0J.woff2) format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-400-normal.CEL4l2ZJ.woff) format("woff");unicode-range:U+0301,U+0400-045F,U+0490-0491,U+04B0-04B1,U+2116}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-vietnamese-400-normal.BulugwFq.woff2) format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-vietnamese-400-normal.DDuiU_S-.woff) format("woff");unicode-range:U+0102-0103,U+0110-0111,U+0128-0129,U+0168-0169,U+01A0-01A1,U+01AF-01B0,U+0300-0301,U+0303-0304,U+0308-0309,U+0323,U+0329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-ext-400-normal.BmRBH3aV.woff2) format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-ext-400-normal.D3D2R8hC.woff) format("woff");unicode-range:U+0100-02BA,U+02BD-02C5,U+02C7-02CC,U+02CE-02D7,U+02DD-02FF,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-400-normal.DMJ8VG8y.woff2) format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-400-normal.CvHOgSBP.woff) format("woff");unicode-range:U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:600;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-ext-600-normal.V-xxqcpd.woff2) format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-ext-600-normal.9HEixskS.woff) format("woff");unicode-range:U+0460-052F,U+1C80-1C8A,U+20B4,U+2DE0-2DFF,U+A640-A69F,U+FE2E-FE2F}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:600;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-600-normal.CTOM6hUh.woff2) format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-600-normal.fLZuRloM.woff) format("woff");unicode-range:U+0301,U+0400-045F,U+0490-0491,U+04B0-04B1,U+2116}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:600;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-vietnamese-600-normal.D2EvbN8M.woff2) format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-vietnamese-600-normal.iLQfcSjf.woff) format("woff");unicode-range:U+0102-0103,U+0110-0111,U+0128-0129,U+0168-0169,U+01A0-01A1,U+01AF-01B0,U+0300-0301,U+0303-0304,U+0308-0309,U+0323,U+0329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:600;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-ext-600-normal.D38SheWl.woff2) format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-ext-600-normal.DmB0ttJJ.woff) format("woff");unicode-range:U+0100-02BA,U+02BD-02C5,U+02C7-02CC,U+02CE-02D7,U+02DD-02FF,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:600;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-600-normal.BgSNZQsw.woff2) format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-600-normal.DWFSQ4vo.woff) format("woff");unicode-range:U+0000-00FF,U+0131,U+0152-0153,U+02BB-02BC,U+02C6,U+02DA,U+02DC,U+0304,U+0308,U+0329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}:root{--paper: #f7f4ec;--paper-deep: #efeadd;--ink: #14233c;--ink-2: #41506a;--ink-3: #6b7587;--rule: #d8d0bd;--rule-strong: #b9ad8f;--oxide: #9b2f23;--link: #1d4f8c;--link-visited: #56477f;--ok: #2e5e3a;--highlight: #f3e6c2;--font-display: "Newsreader Variable", "Newsreader", Georgia, serif;--font-body: "Public Sans Variable", "Public Sans", "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif;--font-mono: "IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", Consolas, monospace;--measure: 44rem;--wide: 72rem}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--font-body);font-size:100%;line-height:1.6;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}body{margin:0;min-height:100vh;display:flex;flex-direction:column;background-image:radial-gradient(rgba(20,35,60,.025) 1px,transparent 0);background-size:5px 5px}main{flex:1;width:100%}h1,h2,h3{font-family:var(--font-display);font-weight:500;line-height:1.15;letter-spacing:-.01em;margin:0 0 .5rem;text-wrap:balance}h1{font-size:clamp(2rem,5.5vw,3.1rem)}h2{font-size:clamp(1.45rem,3.5vw,1.9rem);margin-top:2.5rem}h3{font-size:1.18rem;margin-top:1.75rem}p,ul,ol{margin:0 0 1rem;max-width:var(--measure)}a{color:var(--link);text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-underline-offset:2px}a:visited{color:var(--link-visited)}a:hover{color:var(--oxide)}code,.mono{font-family:var(--font-mono);font-size:.92em}.container{max-width:var(--wide);margin:0 auto;padding:0 1.1rem}.prose{max-width:var(--measure)}.kicker{font-family:var(--font-mono);font-size:.72rem;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--oxide);margin:0 0 .6rem}.kicker:before{content:"§ ";color:var(--rule-strong)}.lede{font-family:var(--font-display);font-size:1.22rem;color:var(--ink-2);max-width:var(--measure)}.rule-strong{border:0;border-top:3px solid var(--ink);margin:1.4rem 0}.rule{border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--rule);margin:1.4rem 0}.site-header{background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);border-bottom:4px solid var(--oxide)}.site-header .container{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:baseline;gap:.4rem 1.6rem;padding-top:.9rem;padding-bottom:.9rem}.brand{font-family:var(--font-display);font-size:1.45rem;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.01em;color:var(--paper)!important;text-decoration:none}.brand .plug{color:#e8b94c}.site-nav{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:1.1rem;margin-left:auto}.site-nav a{color:var(--paper)!important;font-size:.85rem;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:var(--font-mono)}.site-nav a:hover{color:#e8b94c!important}.site-footer{margin-top:4rem;background:var(--ink);color:#c3cbda;font-size:.85rem}.site-footer .container{padding-top:2rem;padding-bottom:2.4rem}.site-footer a{color:#dfe5ef}.site-footer h2{color:var(--paper);font-size:1rem;margin-top:1rem;font-family:var(--font-mono);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.1em}.table-wrap{overflow-x:auto;margin:1.2rem 0}table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:.92rem;border-top:3px solid var(--ink);border-bottom:3px solid var(--ink)}caption{caption-side:top;text-align:left;font-family:var(--font-display);font-size:1.05rem;font-style:italic;padding:.4rem 0;color:var(--ink-2)}th{font-family:var(--font-mono);font-size:.72rem;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.08em;text-align:left;padding:.55rem .7rem;border-bottom:1px solid var(--ink);background:var(--paper-deep)}td{padding:.55rem .7rem;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);vertical-align:top}td.num,th.num{text-align:right;font-family:var(--font-mono);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}tr:last-child td{border-bottom:0}.indent-1{padding-left:1.6rem}.indent-2{padding-left:2.8rem}.indent-3,.indent-4{padding-left:4rem}.rating-badge{display:inline-block;min-width:2.6rem;text-align:center;font-family:var(--font-mono);font-weight:600;font-size:.9rem;background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);padding:.1rem .45rem;border-radius:2px}.source-note{font-family:var(--font-mono);font-size:.72rem;color:var(--ink-3);border-top:1px solid var(--rule-strong);padding-top:.5rem;margin:.8rem 0 1.6rem;max-width:var(--wide)}.source-note strong{color:var(--ink-2);letter-spacing:.08em}.note-box,.gap-box,.disclaimer-box{border:1px solid var(--rule-strong);border-left:4px solid var(--ink);background:#ffffff8c;padding:.9rem 1.1rem;margin:1.4rem 0;font-size:.92rem;max-width:var(--measure)}.gap-box{border-left-color:var(--oxide)}.disclaimer-box{border-left-color:var(--rule-strong);color:var(--ink-2);font-size:.85rem}.byline{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:.8rem;border-top:1px solid var(--rule);border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);padding:.7rem 0;margin:1.6rem 0;font-size:.88rem;color:var(--ink-2);max-width:var(--measure)}.byline img,.byline .photo-ph{width:44px;height:44px;border-radius:50%;object-fit:cover;border:2px solid var(--ink);flex-shrink:0;background:var(--paper-deep);display:grid;place-items:center;font-family:var(--font-display);font-size:1.2rem;color:var(--ink-3)}.byline .who{line-height:1.35}.byline .who strong{color:var(--ink)}.crumbs{font-family:var(--font-mono);font-size:.72rem;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.08em;margin:1.3rem 0 .4rem;color:var(--ink-3)}.crumbs a{color:var(--ink-3)}.crumbs .sep{margin:0 .4rem;color:var(--rule-strong)}.leadgen-ph{border:2px dashed var(--rule-strong);background:repeating-linear-gradient(-45deg,transparent 0 12px,rgba(185,173,143,.12) 12px 24px);padding:1.4rem;margin:2rem 0;text-align:center;max-width:var(--measure)}.leadgen-ph .tag{font-family:var(--font-mono);font-size:.68rem;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--oxide)}.leadgen-ph p{margin:.4rem auto 0;color:var(--ink-3);font-size:.85rem}.stat-grid{display:grid;gap:1px;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(150px,1fr));background:var(--rule-strong);border:1px solid var(--rule-strong);margin:1.4rem 0}.stat{background:var(--paper);padding:.9rem 1rem}.stat .label{font-family:var(--font-mono);font-size:.66rem;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-3)}.stat .value{font-family:var(--font-display);font-size:1.9rem;font-weight:500;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;line-height:1.1;margin-top:.15rem}.stat .value small{font-size:.9rem;color:var(--ink-3)}.stat.alert .value{color:var(--oxide)}.calc{border:1px solid var(--rule-strong);border-top:4px solid var(--ink);background:#fff9;padding:1.3rem;margin:1.6rem 0}.calc fieldset{border:0;padding:0;margin:0 0 1.1rem}.calc legend,.calc .field-label{font-family:var(--font-mono);font-size:.72rem;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-2);padding:0;margin-bottom:.45rem;display:block}.calc select,.calc input[type=number]{font-family:var(--font-mono);font-size:.95rem;padding:.45rem .5rem;border:1px solid var(--rule-strong);background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);border-radius:2px}.calc button{font-family:var(--font-mono);font-size:.8rem;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;border:1px solid var(--ink);border-radius:2px;background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);padding:.55rem 1.1rem;cursor:pointer}.calc button:hover{background:var(--oxide);border-color:var(--oxide)}.calc button.ghost{background:transparent;color:var(--ink)}.calc button.ghost:hover{color:var(--oxide);border-color:var(--oxide)}.calc .row{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.6rem;align-items:center;margin-bottom:.55rem}.calc .remove{background:transparent;border:0;color:var(--oxide);font-size:1rem;cursor:pointer;padding:.2rem .4rem}.calc-result{border-top:3px solid var(--ink);margin-top:1.2rem;padding-top:1rem}.calc-result .final{font-family:var(--font-display);font-size:2.6rem;font-weight:500;line-height:1}.calc-result .final small{font-size:1rem;font-family:var(--font-body);color:var(--ink-3)}.calc-steps{font-size:.9rem}.calc-steps li{margin-bottom:.3rem}.calc-steps .mono{background:var(--highlight);padding:0 .3rem}.card-list{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:1.4rem 0;max-width:var(--wide)}.card-list li{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);padding:1rem 0}.card-list li:last-child{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}.card-list a.title{font-family:var(--font-display);font-size:1.25rem;font-weight:500;text-decoration:none}.card-list .meta{font-family:var(--font-mono);font-size:.74rem;color:var(--ink-3);margin-top:.2rem}.hero{padding:3.2rem 0 2.2rem;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}.hero h1{max-width:56rem}.hero .lede{margin-top:.8rem}@media(max-width:640px){.site-nav{gap:.8rem}.calc .row{align-items:stretch;flex-direction:column}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){.hero h1,.hero .lede,.hero .kicker{animation:rise .55s ease-out both}.hero .lede{animation-delay:.12s}.hero .kicker{animation-delay:0s}@keyframes rise{0%{opacity:0;transform:translateY(10px)}to{opacity:1;transform:none}}}